Papers

2025

The Revealed Demand for Hard vs. Soft News: Evidence from Italian TV Viewership. Journal of Politics. Link

How Partisan are U.S. Local Elections? Evidence from 2020 Cast Vote Records. American Political Science Review. Link

Unpacking Social Capital. Economic Journal. Link

2024

Measuring the Partisan Behaviorof U.S. Newspapers, 1880 to 1980. Journal of Economic History. Link

Parsing Party Polarization in Congress. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

Who Runs for Congress? A Study of State Legislators and Congressional Polarization. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

2021

Dyadic Representation in the South and Non-South: The Case of Prohibition. Journal of Politics. Link

What Shapes the Quality and Behavior of Government Officials? Institutional Variation in Selection and Retention Methods. Annual Review of Economics. Link

2020

Publicising Malfeasance: When the Local Media Structure Facilitates Electoral Accountability in Mexico. Economic Journal. Link

2019

Primary Elections in the United States. Cambridge University Press. Link

2018

How Newspapers Reveal Political Power. Political Science Research and Methods. Link

Primary Elections and the Provision of Public Goods. Journal of Politics. Link

The Arsenal of Democracy: Production and Politics During WWII. Journal of Public Economics. Link

Leveling the Playing Field: How Campaign Advertising Can Help Non-Dominant Parties. Journal of the European Economic Association. Link

2017

Parties Within Parties: Parties, Factions, and Coordinated Politics, 1900-1980. In Governing in a Polarized Age, Cambridge University Press.

Party Polarization in Legislatures with Office-Motivated Candidates. Quarterly Journal of Economics. Link

2016

Do Judges’ Characteristics Matter? Ethnicity, Gender, and Partisanship in Texas State Trial Courts. American Law and Economics Review. Link

Newspaper Market Structure and Behavior: Partisan Coverage of Political Scandals in the United States from 1870 to 1910. The Journal of Politics. Link

Challenger Quality and the Incumbency Advantage. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

Empirical Studies of Media Bias. In Handbook of Media Economics, Elsevier. Link

2015

The Judge, the Politician and the Press: Newspaper Coverage and Criminal Sentencing Across Electoral Systems. American Economic Journal: Applied Economics. Link

How Much of the Incumbency Advantage Is Due to Scare-Off? Political Science Research and Methods. Link

A Gubernatorial Helping Hand? How Governors Affect Presidential Elections. Journal of Politics. Link

The Balanced U.S. Press. Journal of the European Economic Association. Link

On The Validity Of The Regression Discontinuity Design For Estimating Electoral Effects: New Evidence From Over 40,000 Close Races. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Assessing the External Validity of Election RD Estimates: An Investigation of the Incumbency Advantage. Journal of Politics. Link

Voter Learning in State Primary Elections. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Partisan Imbalance in Regression Discontinuity Studies Based on Electoral Thresholds. Political Science Research and Methods. Link

Information and Wasted Votes: A Study of U.S. Primary Elections. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

2014

Primary Elections and the Quality of Elected Officials. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

2013

Elections and Reform: The Adoption of Civil Service Systems in the U.S. States. Journal of Theoretical Politics. Link

The Control of Politicians in Normal Times and Times of Crisis: Wealth Accumulation by U.S. Congressmen, 1850-1880. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

Testing the Swing Voter Hypothesis Using Federal Spending in the U.S. States. British Journal of Political Science. Link

2012

The Effects of Redistricting on Incumbents. Election Law Journal: Rules, Politics, and Policy. Link

Gubernatorial Midterm Slumps. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Testing Models of Distributive Politics using Exit Polls to Measure Voters’ Preferences and Partisanship. British Journal of Political Science. Link

When Parties are not Teams: Party Positions in Single Member District and Proportional Representation Systems. Economic Theory. Link

What Happens to Incumbents in Scandals?. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

2011

Patronage and Elections in U.S. States. American Political Science Review. Link

Newspaper Coverage of Political Scandals. Journal of Politics. Link

Partisan Bias in Economic News: Evidence on the Agenda-Setting Behavior of U.S. Newspapers. Journal of Public Economics. Link

Electoral Selection With Parties and Primaries. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Is Private Campaign Finance a Good Thing? Estimates of the Potential Information Benefits. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

2010

Press Coverage and Political Accountability. Journal of Political Economy. Link

Party Strength, the Personal Vote, and State Government Spending. American Journal of Political Science. Link

More Democracy: The Direct Primary and Competition in U.S. Elections. Studies in American Political Development. Link

Is Private Campaign Finance a Good Thing? Estimates of the Potential Information Benefits. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

Primary Competition and Partisan Polarization in the U.S. Congress. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

2009

Distributive Politics with Primaries. Journal of Politics. 2009. Link

Two’s Company, Three’s an Equilibrium: Strategic Voting and Multi-candidate Elections. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

Using Multi-Member Districts to Decompose the Incumbency Advantage. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Returns to U.S. Congressional Seats in the Mid-19th Century. The Political Economy of Democracy.

2008

The End of Inequality: One Person, One Vote and the Reshaping of American Politics. W.W. Norton and Company.

State Legislative Elections, 1967-2003: Announcing the Completion of a Cleaned and Newly Updated Dataset. State Politics and Policy Quarterly. Link

The Strength of Issues: Using Multiple Measures to Gauge Preference Stability, Ideological Constraint, and Issue Voting. American Political Science Review. Link

Distributive Politics and the Law of 1/n. Journal of Politics. Link

Interest Groups and the Electoral Control of Politicians. Journal of Public Economics. Link

2007

Do Multi-Member Districts Lead to Free-Riding? Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

The Incumbency Advantages in U.S. Primary Elections. Electoral Studies. Link

The Decline of Third Party Voting in the United States. Journal of Politics. Link

2006

Television and the Incumbency Advantage in U.S. Elections. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

The Orientation of Newspaper Endorsements in U.S. Elections, 1940-2002. Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

Legislative Effectiveness and Legislative Careers. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

Purple America. Journal of Economic Perspectives. Link

Party and Incumbency Cues in Voting: Are They Substitutes? Quarterly Journal of Political Science. Link

Party Control of State Government and the Distribution of Public Expenditures. Scandinavian Journal of Economics. Link

2005

Legislative Bargaining Under Weighted Voting. American Economic Review. Link.

Voting Weights and Formateur Advantages in Formation of Coalition Governments. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Unrepresentative Information: The Case of Newspaper Reporting on Campaign Finance. Public Opinion Quarterly. Link

Why Roll Calls? A Model of Position Taking in Legislatures. Journal of Law, Economics and Organization. Link

Estimating the Distribution of Voter Preferences using Partially Aggregated Voting Data. The Political Methodologist. Link

2004

Reapportioment and Party Realignment in the American States. University of Pennsylvania Law Review. Link

Using Term Limits to Estimate Incumbency Advantages When Officeholders Retire Strategically. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

Did Firms Profit from Soft Money? Election Law Journal. Link

2003

Roll Calls, Party labels, and Elections. Political Analysis. Link

Bargaining in Bicameral Legislatures: When and Why Does Malapportionment Matter? American Political Science Review. Link

Why Is There So Little Money in U.S. Politics? Journal of Economic Perspectives. Link

2002

Equal Votes, Equal Money: Court Ordered Redistricting and the Distribution of Public Expenditures in the American States. American Political Science Review. Link

Are PAC Contributions and Lobbying Linked? New Evidence from the 1995 Lobby Disclosure Act. Business and Politics. Link

An Informational Rationale for Political Parties. American Journal of Political Science. Link

The Incumbency Advantage in U.S. Elections: An Analysis of State and Federal Offices, 1942-2000. Election Law Journal. Link

2001

The Effects of Party and Preferences on Congressional Roll Call Voting. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

Estimating Party Influence on Congressional Roll Call Voting: Regression Coefficients vs Classification Success. American Political Science Review. Link

Candidate Positioning in U.S. House Elections. American Journal of Political Science. Link

2000

Valence Politics and Equilibrium in Spatial Election Models. Public Choice. Link

Majority-Rule Bargaining and the Under Provision of Public Investment Goods. Journal of Public Economics. Link

Estimating Party Influence on Congressional Roll-Call Voting. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Soft Money, Hard Money, and Strong Parties. Columbia Law Review. Link

Old Voters, New Voters, and the Personal Vote: Using Redistricting to Estimate the Incumbency Advantage. American Journal of Political Science. Link

1999

Comparing Interest Group Scores Across Time and Chambers Adjusted ADA Scores for the U.S. Congress. American Political Science Review. Link

Money and Institutional Power. Texas Law Review. Link

1997

The Impact of Federal Spending on House Election Outcomes. Journal of Political Economy. Link

Linear Probability Models of the Demand for Attributes with an Empirical application to Estimating the Preferences of Legislators. Rand Journal of Economics. Link

1996

Constituency Preferences: California ballot Propositions, 1974-1990. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

Interest Group Politics Under Majority Rule. Journal of Public Economics. Link

Buying Supermajorities. American Political Science Review. Link

Equilibrium and Efficiency in an Organized Vote Market. Public Choice. Link

1995

Political Parties and the Distribution of Federal Outlays. American Journal of Political Science. Link

Comparing Committee and Floor Preferences. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

1994

Safe Seats, Marginal Seats, and Party Platforms: The Logic of Platform Differentiation. Economics and Politics. Link

Are Rents Fully Dissipated, Reprinted in The Economic Analysis of Rent-Seeking.

1993

The Market for Campaign Contributions: Evidence for the U.S. Senate 1980-1986. Economics and Politics. Link

Are Rents Fully Dissipated? Public Choice. Link

1992

Political Payoffs and the Electoral Advantages of Incumbency. Mathematical and Computer Modelling. Link

Artificial Extremism in Interest Group Ratings. Legislative Studies Quarterly. Link

Long-Term Investing in Politicians, or Give Early, Give Often. Journal of Law and Economics. Link

Committee Power, Structure-Induced Equilibria, and Roll Call Voting. American Journal of Political Science. Link

1991

On Buying Legislators. Economics and Politics. Link

1990

Campaign Contributions as Investments: The U.S. House of Representatives 1980-1986. Journal of Political Economy. Link

Resource Allocation in Multiparty Elections. American Journal of Political Science. Link

1989

Election Goals and the Allocation of Campaign Resources. Econometrica. Link

Political Geography and Interest Group Power. Social Choice and Welfare. Link

1988

Fairness, Self-Interest, and the Politics of the Progressive Income Tax. Journal of Public Economics. Link